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Ecca Group
The Ecca Group is a group of sedimentary geological formations found in southern Africa. A component of the Karoo Supergroup, it consists mainly of shales and sandstones, laid down in the sandy shorelines of swamplands during the Permian Period.
==Description==
The type area for the Ecca Group is in the Karoo Basin of South Africa and Lesotho. In the southwestern Karoo Basin, the Ecca Group has a total thickness of approximately 1300 m.〔H. deV. Wickens and A. H. Bouma. 2000. (The Tanqua Fan Complex, Karoo Basin, South Africa ). In A. H. Bouma and C. G. Stone, eds., Fine-Grained Turbidite System. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 72/SEPM Special Publication 68. ISBN 9780891813538. pp. 153-164.〕 There is no single location where the entire vertical section of the Ecca Group is exposed. At Skoorsteenberg in the southwestern basin there is a 900-m exposure of the unit.〔Goldhammer, R.K., H. deV. Wickens, A. H. Bouma, and G. Wach. 2000. (Sequence Stratigraphic Architecture of the Late Permian Tanqua Submarine Fan Complex, Karoo Basin, South Africa ). In A. H. Bouma and C. G. Stone, eds., Fine-Grained Turbidite System. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 72/SEPM Special Publication 68. ISBN 9780891813538. pp. 165-172.〕
The Ecca Group sandstones and shales originated as clastic sediment deposited in a large and shallow inland sea. Swamps and forest vegetation developed at many places and times during its deposition, resulting in widespread coal deposits. Almost all of South Africa's coal resources and one-third of the coal resources in the Southern Hemisphere are in rocks of the Ecca Group.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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